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Repairing public sector finances

Covid has taken its toll on both the health of the general public and on public sector finances. We investigate the shape of government finances, both in the UK and internationally.

Autumn Budget and Spending Review

Best practice

Article
Pound coins 01 Dec 2021
Tax administration and maintenance day: a Budget without a speech

Simplifying the tax system, tackling non-compliance and ensuring the tax system remains fit for the modern world. This framed the consultations, calls for evidence and next steps announced on TAM day. ICAEW’s Tax Faculty highlights the key points.

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Article
HM Treasury building 01 Dec 2021
Meet HMRC’s horizon-gazing futurists

The UK tax authority’s Futures team monitors trends in the economy and society that could have an impact on government revenues and tax administration.

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Article
A person pushing a gurney through a hospital 25 NOV 2021
Potential audit implications of salary advance schemes in the NHS

The National Audit Office investigation into supply chain finance found that “free” salary advance schemes for NHS employees started to have a cost after the collapse of Greensill Capital. The report’s authors highlight there may be implications for the audits of NHS bodies.

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Article
A person working at a laptop with a tablet and papers showing graphs 22 NOV 2021
Levelling up: accessible local public spending data is vital

ICAEW member Ed Humpherson, Director General for Regulation at the Office for Statistics Regulation – which provides independent regulation of all official statistics in the UK – says that economic and finance data must be concrete and comprehensible.

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Article
Two people working at a laptop and looking at papers covered in numbers and charts 19 NOV 2021
Deficit in line with expectations at £19bn but public debt jumps by £69bn

The monthly public sector deficit was flat at £18.8bn in October but a last-minute rush by banks to access cheap finance caused public sector net debt to jump by £68.7bn to £2,277.6bn.

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Article
A teacher teaching in a classroom 08 NOV 2021
Public finances post-crisis: rebuilding with balance

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, along with the lasting scars of the financial crisis, have sapped the UK’s fiscal strength in a period of major transition. The Resolution Foundation has some recommendations for recovery.

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Article
A smartphone showing an international certificate of vaccination 27 OCT 2021
Managing contingent liabilities at government level

Siobhan Duffy, a director at UK Government Investments, tells ICAEW Insights how her team contributes intelligence to policy development.

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Podcast
Stacks of gold coins on sitting within different hexagons drawn on a surface 27 OCT 2021
Prizing the public pound

With increasing pressure on public services and net-zero targets to be met, it’s critical that any public spending delivers value to the taxpayer. The Fabian Society outlines its vision in its recent pamphlet.

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Article
A medical professional in scrubs sitting outside on steps with their forehead resting on the hands 20 OCT 2021
How should government manage its assets better?

Michael Sunderland is the Deputy Director Government Financial Reporting at HM Treasury. He talks to ICAEW Insights about government balance sheet management.

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Article
A timber-frame building under construction. 09 OCT 2021
IPSAS vs IFRS

What is the most suitable accounting framework for the public sector?

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Article
Empty seats in a conference room 05 OCT 2021
How do you manage a single issue across all of government?

How to collaborate across departments has long been a conundrum for large organisations. But when that organisation is central government, there is a huge price to pay for failing to be coordinated across departments.

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Article
Business people talking at a table. 01 OCT 2021
HMRC, Companies House and collaboration across government

Achieving efficiencies across government departments is to be applauded. Mark Chandler, Advisory Accountant at HMRC talks to ICAEW Insights about how collaboration is being achieved with Companies House and other UK Government departments.

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Article
The bottom portion of some Doric columns 27 Sep 2021
HMRC’s priorities: Spending Review, COVID-19, Brexit

ICAEW Insights asks Justin Holliday, Chief Finance Officer at HMRC, about the tax authority’s priorities and strategy, given the turbulence and change of the past 18 months.

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Article
Man at Machine 13 Aug 2021
Getting the machinery of government to work

Former Downing Street policy chief Dan Corry believes the return of Public Service Agreements could help the government get more out of the hundreds of billions of public money it spends each year.

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Article
A person holding a phone showing a negative COVID-19 test result 4 Aug 2021
COVID: financial risk to taxpayers ‘will run for 20 years’

The Public Accounts Committee has published the final report from their COVID-19 Cost Tracker Update inquiry, finding substantial risk levied to taxpayer finances through government response.

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Climate and sustainability

Article
A medical professional sitting at a desk using a computer mouse 27 OCT 2021
Financial sustainability and assurance in the public sector

What are the prospects for our public services given the future challenges they face? Adrian Crompton, Auditor General for Wales, examines the question of financial sustainability in the public sector.

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Article
A wind turbine casting a long shadow on the sea 26 OCT 2021
Network Rail on track to reduce the country’s carbon footprint

As the stewards of the nation’s railways, the impact of sustainability and climate is clear to see, writes Peter Leadbetter, Head of Accounting at Network Rail.

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Article
Smokestacks 25 OCT 2021
Carbon Crunch: Net zero a driver of economic change

Resolution Foundation and the LSE Centre for Economic Performance say speeding up emissions reduction will require changing behaviours in addition to the UK government’s Net Zero Strategy’s focus on technological innovation.

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Article
The UK Treasury building's pediment 05 OCT 2021
Mazars: tax system could be leveraged for sustainability

Clive Fathers, tax partner at Mazars, uses tax data collected in the ICAEW Tax Race over the last 50 years to foreshadow a more digital and sustainable tax landscape.

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Article
Wind turbines on arid terrain 05 Oct 2021
The crusade to achieve the SDGs and the role of accounting

Implementing the UN Sustainable Development Goals is no mean feat, but progress must be made. Josette Caruana talks us through the work she is doing with Giovanna Dabbicco on the Global Reporting Initiative, and its relevance for the achievement of SDGs.

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Article
A person holding a drink in one hand and a phone showing a trading app in the other 04 OCT 2021
KPMG: pandemic an opportunity to level up tax system

Tim Sarson, head of tax policy at KPMG UK, assesses key drivers behind the top-performing tax policies over the last five decades using ICAEW’s Tax Race findings.

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Article
A big sea wave crashing over a train running along the coast. 01 OCT 2021
Addressing the climate emergency in the UK public sector

The UK has a lot of work to do and a dwindling amount of time in which to do it.

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Interviews

Article
Carer holding hand of senior woman in pension home 27 OCT 2021
Can we plug the gaps in social care funding?

Adult social care spending needs to increase significantly to meet the needs of our ageing population. But how do we pay for it, asks Simon Bottery, senior fellow in Social Care at The King’s Fund.

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Article
Two medical professionals walking and talking in a hospital corridor 15 OCT 2021
Solving the growing crisis in children’s social care

The piecemeal nature of procurement in children’s social care services, coupled with local authorities’ financial struggles, is creating a chaotic and ultra-competitive market that is not sustainable.

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Article
A nurse working at a laptop 17 Sep 2021
Finance function skills uplifted across NHS Wales

A Finance Academy that enables every member of staff working in NHS Wales Finance to learn and progress can only be a benefit.

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Article
UK Houses of Parliament 9 Sep 2021
Finance business partnering: in government

The UK Government’s concept of the ‘finance business partner’ is best explained by someone who does the job. We find out what this concept means in practice.

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Article
An empty conference chair at a desk with a microphone 11 Aug 2021
Big Issue founder submits Wellbeing of Future Generations Bill

Lord Bird, founder of the Big Issue magazine and a Crossbench peer, wants to embed long-term thinking into the workings of government.

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Local government and local audit

Article
Graph on a computer screen 29 OCT 2021
Spending Review leaves inflationary sting in local authorities

A relatively large increase in central government funding for local authorities is likely to be offset by a below-inflation council tax rise next year. Further cuts may be needed to balance the books in local authorities facing rising costs on top of low reserves.

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Article
A person looking at computer screens 21 OCT 2021
Local authority audit hits breaking point as 91% miss deadline

New research has found only 9% of local authority 2020-21 audits were completed by the statutory deadline of 30 September 2021, highlighting the crisis in the local audit market.

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Article
Graphs on a computer screen 9 Sep 2021
UK Council stares down deficit and innovates

Waverley Borough Council talks us through its funding challenges, service delivery achievements and the seemingly impenetrable nature of local authority accounts.

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Charts and graphics

Chart
A chart illustrating the US Infrastructure & Jobs Act's $550bn of incremental funding over five years is being distributed between different areas of the economy. 11 NOV 2021
Chart of the week: US Infrastructure & Jobs Act

Our chart this week looks at the $550bn of incremental funding over five years allocated by the US Infrastructure & Jobs Act just passed by Congress.

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Chart
A chart showing UK Government actual and budgeted spending from 2019-20 to 2024-25, including the split between resource budgets, capital budgets and (where applicable) COVID-19 supplementary budget. 28 OCT 2021
Chart of the week: Spending Review 2021

Chancellor of the Exchequer Rishi Sunak found some extra money to supplement the Spending Review 2021, turning a very tough settlement for government departments into a moderately tough one.

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Chart
A chart showing the relative departmental spending of the UK Government before the August 2021 Spending Review. 21 OCT 2021
Chart of the week: Pre-Spending Review departmental spending

Our chart this week looks at the core departmental resource budgets that are central to next Wednesday’s long-awaited Spending Review.

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Chart
A chart showing the proportions between different types of public debt (index-linked, variable rate, etc.) before and after quantitative easing. 14 OCT 2021
Chart of the week: UK public debt profile

Our chart this week shines a spotlight on the UK’s public debt, focusing on the Government’s debt strategy ahead of the fast approaching Spending Review.

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Chart
A chart showing the number of people in full-time public sector employment over the last 20 years. 07 OCT 2021
Chart of the week: UK public sector employment

Our chart this week is on public sector employment, the cost of which is one of the largest components of the Spending Review in a few weeks’ time.

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Chart
A chart showing the government's takings from different UK taxes over the last five decades. 30 Sep 2021
The ICAEW Tax Race: 54 years in the making

How has the government’s ‘take’ from different UK taxes changed over the last five decades? ICAEW looks at this question with an interactive ‘Tax Race’ graphic.

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Chart
A chart showing capital investment budgets from 2019-2020 until 2025-26, as they stand before the upcoming Spending Review. 30 Sep 2021
Chart of the week: capital investment before the Spending Review

Given that capital budgets are often the first to be cut when money is tight, will the planned growth in capital investment survive the Spending Review later this month?

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Chart
A chart showing the end dates of the Coronavirus relief schemes. 29 Sep 2021
Chart: COVID support schemes are ending, but what continues?

The furlough and self-employed support schemes come to an end today, as does the VAT reduction for hospitality and tourism to 5%, which is increased to 12.5% tomorrow. ICAEW has produced a timeline for the schemes that remain.

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International

Article
A tractor in a field with wind turbines in the distance 19 OCT 2021
€100bn EU funds has not made farming more climate-friendly

Funding destined for climate action has not contributed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from farming, says the European Court of Auditors. We speak to Peter Welch, the Director of Sustainable Use of Natural Resources.

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Article
A pair of hands washing themselves 05 OCT 2021
A balance sheet approach may be needed by the EU following COVID

The method of reporting deficits and debts by EU Member States may need to change following the disruption of COVID, say Giovanna Dabbicco and Josette Caruana, two researchers who have scrutinised public sector finances and the adequacy of existing reporting mechanisms.

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Article
A person holding hands with an elderly person 04 OCT 2021
Portugal’s new framework for Intergenerational Fairness

A new framework document aims to encourage more discussion of intergenerational fairness and provide policymakers with the tools to reshape policy design.

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Article
A person wearing scrubs working at a laptop 29 Sep 2021
International approaches to reduce public sector deficit: Deloitte Cyprus

Pieris Markou, Chief Executive Officer of Deloitte Cyprus, tells ICAEW Insights that tourism and tax will not be enough to fill the hole in public finances left by COVID - the island must continue to bring in foreign investment.

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Digital and artificial intelligence

Article
Whitehall, London. 29 Sep 2021
UK government sets out 10-year plan to become AI ‘superpower’

The new National AI Strategy sets out a number of measures to encourage, growth, innovation and adoption of AI technologies across the UK.

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Article
A person in front of computer screens showing graphs 23 Feb 2021
Digital infrastructure roll-out: acceleration and reach

23 February 2021: When the National Infrastructure Commission was established in 2015 to advise government on economic infrastructure, digital communications were just part of the mix. Now it is more essential than ever.

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Pensions

Article
An elderly person in a wheelchair looking out of a window with a carer standing beside them. 21 Sep 2021
NAO investigation: DWP underpaid more than £1bn in State Pensions

The Department for Work & Pensions estimates that it underpaid 134,000 pensioners more than £1bn in State Pensions - almost £9,000 per pensioner.

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